ePrints

Subcellular localization, mobility, and kinetic activity of glucokinase in glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Mark Stubbs, Dr Susan Aiston, Professor Loranne Agius

Downloads

Full text for this publication is not currently held within this repository. Alternative links are provided below where available.

Abstract

We investigated the subcellular localization, mobility, and activity of glucokinase in MIN6 cells, a glucose-responsive insulin-secreting β-cell line. Glucokinase is present in the cytoplasm and a vesicular/granule compartment that is partially colocalized with insulin granules. The granular staining of glucokinase is preserved after permeabilization of the cells with digitonin. There was no evidence for changes in distribution of glucokinase between the cytoplasm and the granule compartment during incubation of the cells with glucose. The rate of release of glucokinase and of phosphoglucoisomerase from digitonin-permeabilized cells was slower when cells were incubated at an elevated glucose concentration (S0.5 ~ 15 mmol/l). This effect of glucose was counteracted by competitive inhibitors of glucokinase (5-thioglucose and mannoheptulose) but was unaffected by fructose analogs and may be due to changes in cell shape or conformation of the cytoskeleton that are secondary to glucose metabolism. Based on the similar release of glucokinase and phosphoglucoisomerase, we found no evidence for specific binding of cytoplasmic digitonin-extractable glucokinase. The affinity of β-cells for glucose is slightly lower than that in cell extracts and, unlike that in hepatocytes, is unaffected by fructose, tagatose, or a high-K+ medium, which is consistent with the lack of change in glucokinase distribution or release. We conclude that glucokinase is present in two locations, cytoplasm and the granular compartment, and that it does not translocate between them. This conclusion is consistent with the lack of adaptive changes in the glucose phosphorylation affinity. The glucokinase activity associated with the insulin granules may have a role in either direct or indirect coupling between glucose phosphorylation and insulin secretion.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Aiston S; Stubbs M; Agius L

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Diabetes

Year: 2000

Volume: 49

Issue: 12

Pages: 2048-2055

Print publication date: 01/01/2000

ISSN (print): 0012-1797

ISSN (electronic): 1939-327X

Publisher: The American Diabetes Association

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2048

DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2048

PubMed id: 11118006

Altmetrics

Share