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A Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Core with Graphene Oxide Nanoribbon Shell as Anode Material for Sodium Ion Batteries

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Jochen Friedl, Professor Ulrich Stimming

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This is the authors' accepted manuscript of an article that has been published in its final definitive form by Wiley - V C H Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016.

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Abstract

A novel core–shell heterostructure with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as the core and graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs) as the shell (MWCNT@GONR) is investigated for the first time as anode material for Na-ion batteries (NIBs) in this study. The MWCNT@GONR material with carboxylic acid groups has been synthesized through unzipping of MWCNTs by a microwave-assisted process. The influence of the amount of carboxylic acid groups on the electrochemistry of MWCNT@GONR is investigated in this work by applying thermal treatment at different temperatures. In this MWCNT@GONR core-shell structure, the MWCNTs between flat GONR sheets prevent the restacking problem of graphene and enable penetration of the electrolyte. MWCNTs provide high electronic conductivity and direct electron transfer path while GONRs provide high surface area and defect sites (carboxylic acid groups, COOH-) that can adsorb more Na ions on the surface thereby increasing capacity. MWCNT@GONR provides high capacity (317 mA h g⁻¹) at a current density of 50 mA h g⁻¹ in the second cycle. A full cell using MWCNT@GONR as anode and P2-Na_xMnO₂ as cathode is fabricated and it exhibits a high energy density of 99 Wh kg⁻¹ which successfully demonstrates that MWCNT@GONR is a promising anode material for NIB applications.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Chen HY, Bucher N, Hartung S, Li L, Friedl J, Liou HP, Sun CL, Stimming U, Srinivasan M

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Advanced Materials Interfaces

Year: 2016

Volume: 3

Issue: 20

Print publication date: 19/10/2016

Online publication date: 06/09/2016

Acceptance date: 01/08/2016

Date deposited: 24/11/2016

ISSN (electronic): 2196-7350

Publisher: Wiley - V C H Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admi.201600357

DOI: 10.1002/admi.201600357

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