Toggle Main Menu Toggle Search

Open Access padlockePrints

Executive Function

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Mohammed Shoaib

Downloads

Full text for this publication is not currently held within this repository. Alternative links are provided below where available.


Abstract

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Components of human executive function, like rule generation and selection in response to stimuli (attention set-shifting) or overcoming a habit (reversal learning), can be reliably modelled in rodents. The rodent paradigms are based upon tasks that assess cognitive flexibility in clinical populations and have been effective in distinguishing the neurobiological substrates and the underlying neurotransmitter systems relevant to executive function. A review of the literature on the attentional set-shifting task highlights a prominent role for the medial region of the prefrontal cortex in the ability to adapt to a new rule (extradimensional shift) while the orbitofrontal cortex has been associated with the reversal learning component of the task. In other paradigms specifically developed to examine reversal learning in rodents, the orbitofrontal cortex also plays a prominent role. Modulation of dopamine, serotonin, and glutamatergic receptors can disrupt executive function, a feature commonly exploited to develop concepts underlying psychiatric disorders. While these paradigms do have excellent translational construct validity, they have been less effective as predictive preclinical models for cognitive enhancers, especially for cognition in health subjects. Accordingly, a more diverse battery of tasks may be necessary to model normal human executive function in the rodent for drug development.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Talpos J, Shoaib M

Publication type: Book Chapter

Publication status: Published

Book Title: Cognitive Enhancement

Year: 2015

Volume: 228

Pages: 191-213

Print publication date: 31/05/2015

Acceptance date: 01/01/1900

Series Title: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

Publisher: Springer New York LLC

URL: http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16522-6_6

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16522-6_6

PubMed id: 25977083

Library holdings: Search Newcastle University Library for this item

ISBN: 9783319165219


Share