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Minocycline hepatotoxicity: Clinical characterization and identification of HLA-B∗35:02 as a risk factor

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Ann DalyORCiD

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND).


Abstract

© 2017. Background & Aims: Minocycline hepatotoxicity can present with prominent autoimmune features in previously healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to identify genetic determinants of minocycline drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in a well-phenotyped cohort of patients. Methods: Caucasian patients with minocycline DILI underwent genome-wide genotyping and were compared to unexposed population controls. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) binding of minocycline was assessed using AutoDock Vina. Results: Among the 25 cases, 80% were female, median age was 19years and median latency from drug start to DILI onset was 318days. At presentation, 76% had acute hepatocellular liver injury, median ALT 1,077U/L (range: 63 to 2,333), median bilirubin 4.5mg/dl (range: 0.2 to 16.7), and 90% had a +ANA. During follow-up, 50% were treated with corticosteroids and no participants died or required a liver transplant. A significant association was noted between HLA-B*35:02 and risk for minocycline DILI; a 16% carrier frequency in DILI cases compared to 0.6% in population controls (odds ratio: 29.6, 95% CI: 7.8-89.8, p =2.5×10-8). Verification of HLA-B*35:02 imputation was confirmed by sequence-based HLA typing. HLA-B*35:02 carriers had similar presenting features and outcomes compared to non-carriers. In silico modeling studies support the hypothesis that direct binding of minocycline to this novel HLA risk allele might be an important initiating event in minocycline DILI. Conclusion: HLA-B*35:02 is a rare HLA allele that was more frequently identified in the 25 minocycline DILI cases compared to population controls. If confirmed in other cohorts, this HLA allele may prove to be a useful diagnostic marker of minocycline DILI. Lay summary: Development of liver injury following prolonged use of minocycline for acne is a rare but potentially severe form of drug-induced liver injury. Our study demonstrates that individuals who are HLA-B*35:02 carriers are at increased risk of developing minocycline related liver injury. These results may help doctors more rapidly and confidently diagnose affected patients and possibly reduce the risk of liver injury in individuals receiving minocycline going forward.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Urban TJ, Nicoletti P, Chalasani N, Serrano J, Stolz A, Daly AK, Aithal GP, Dillon J, Navarro V, Odin J, Barnhart H, Ostrov D, Long N, Cirulli ET, Watkins PB, Fontana RJ

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Hepatology

Year: 2017

Volume: 67

Issue: 1

Pages: 137-144

Print publication date: 01/07/2017

Online publication date: 18/03/2017

Acceptance date: 04/03/2017

Date deposited: 07/11/2017

ISSN (print): 0168-8278

ISSN (electronic): 1600-0641

Publisher: Elsevier BV

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2017.03.010

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.03.010


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Funding

Funder referenceFunder name
1U01-DK083020-01
1U01-DK082992-01
1U01-DK083023-01
1U01-DK083027-01
2U01-DK065184-06
5U01DK065193-04
5U01-DK065238-08
2U01- DK065176-06
2U01-DK065201-06
2U01-DK065211-06
DK089464
NIDDK
UL1 RR024986
UL1 RR024134
UL1 RR024150
UL1 RR024982
UL1 RR025761
UL1TR000083

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