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Mitochondrial DNA and disease

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Laura Greaves, Dr Amy Reeve, Professor Robert Taylor, Emeritus Professor Doug Turnbull

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Abstract

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects are a relatively common cause of inherited disease and have been implicated in both ageing and cancer. MtDNA encodes essential subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and defects result in impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Similar OXPHOS defects have been shown to be present in a number of neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson's disease, as well as in normal ageing human tissues. Additionally, a number of tumours have been shown to contain mtDNA mutations and an altered metabolic phenotype. In this review we outline the unique characteristics of mitochondrial genetics before detailing important pathological features of mtDNA diseases, focusing on adult neurological disease as well as the role of mtDNA mutations in neurodegenerative diseases, ageing and cancer. Copyright (C) 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Greaves LC, Reeve AK, Taylor RW, Turnbull DM

Publication type: Review

Publication status: Published

Journal: Journal of Pathology

Year: 2012

Volume: 226

Issue: 2

Pages: 274-286

Print publication date: 21/11/2011

ISSN (print): 0022-3417

ISSN (electronic): 1096-9896

Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.3028

DOI: 10.1002/path.3028


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