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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Mary Slatter, Professor Andrew GenneryORCiD
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Background In chronic granulomatous disease allogeneic haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) in adolescents and young adults and patients with high-risk disease is complicated by graft-failure, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and transplant-related mortality. We examined the effect of a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen designed to enhance myeloid engraftment and reduce organ toxicity in these patients. Methods This prospective study was done at 16 centres in ten countries worldwide. Patients aged 0-40 years with chronic granulornatous disease were assessed and enrolled at the discretion of individual centres. Reduced-intensity conditioning consisted of high-dose fludarabine (30 mg/m2 [infants <9 kg 1-2 mg/kg]; one dose per day on days 8 to 3), serotherapy (anti-thymocyte globulin [10 mg/kg, one dose per day on days 4 to 1; or thymoglobuline 2-5 mg/kg, one dose per day on days 5 to 3]; or low-dose alerntuzurnab [<1 mg/kg on days 8 to 6]), and low-dose (50-72% of myeloablative dose) or targeted busulfan administration (recommended cumulative area under the curve: 45-65 mg/L xh). Busulfan was administered mainly intravenously and exceptionally orally from days 5 to 3. Intravenous busulfan was dosed according to weight-based recommendations and was administered in most centres (ten) twice daily over 4 h. Unmanipulated bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells from HLA-matched relateddonors or HLA-9/10 or HLA-10/10 matched unrelated-donors were infused. The primary endpoints were overall survival and event-free survival (EFS), probabilities of overall survival and EFS at 2 years, incidence of acute and chronic GVHD, achievement of at least 90% myeloid donor chimerisrn, and incidence of graft failure after at least 6 months of follow-up. Findings 56 patients (median age 12-7 years; IQR 6-8-17-3) with chronic granulornatous disease were enrolled from June 15,2003, to Dec 15,2012.42 patients (75%) had high-risk features (ie, intractable infections and autoinflammation), 25(45%) were adolescents and young adults (age 14-39 years). 21 HLA-matched related-donor and 35 HLA-rnatched unrelated-donor transplants were done. Median time to engraftrnent was 19 days (IQR 16-22) for neutrophils and 21 days (IQR 16-25) for platelets. At median follow-up of 21 months (IQR 13-35) overall survival was 93% (52 of 56) and EFS was 89% (50 of 56). The 2-year probability of overall survival was 96% (95% CI 86-46-99.09) and of EFS was 91% (79-78-96-17). Graft-failure occurred in 5% (three of 56) of patients. The cumulative incidence of acute GVHD of grade III IV was 4% (two of 56) and of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 7% (four of 56). Stable (90%) myeloid donor chimerism was documented in 52 (93%) surviving patients. Interpretation This reduced-intensity conditioning regimen is safe and efficacious in high-risk patients with chronic granulomatous disease.
Author(s): Gungor T, Teira P, Slatter M, Stussi G, Stepensky P, Moshous D, Vermont C, Ahmad I, Shaw PJ, da Cunha JMT, Schlegel PG, Hough R, Fasth A, Kentouche K, Gruhn B, Fernandes JF, Lachance S, Bredius R, Resnick IB, Belohradsky BH, Gennery A, Fischer A, Gaspar HB, Schanz U, Seger R, Rentsch K, Veys P, Haddad E, Albert MH, Hassan M, Inborn Errors Working Party Europe
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Lancet
Year: 2014
Volume: 383
Issue: 9915
Pages: 436-448
Print publication date: 01/02/2014
Online publication date: 23/10/2013
Acceptance date: 01/01/1900
ISSN (print): 0140-6736
ISSN (electronic):
Publisher: Elsevier
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62069-3
DOI: 10.1016/50140-6736(13)62069-3
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