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Pound the alarm: danger signals in rheumatic diseases

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Steven O'Reilly

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Abstract

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are chemically heterogeneous endogenous host molecules rapidly released from damaged or dying cells that incite a sterile inflammatory response mediated via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The sources of DAMPs are dead or dying cells or the extracellular matrix and can signal through the PRRs, the Toll-like receptors or cytosolic Nod-like receptors, culminating in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Together, these molecules are involved in sterile inflammation and many are associated with rheumatic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythromatosus, psoriatic arthritis and systemic sclerosis. These diseases are associated with inflammation and many danger signals are found in sites of sterile inflammation and mediate inflammation. The present review examines the role of DAMPs in rheumatic conditions and suggests avenues for their therapeutic modulation.

Publication metadata

Author(s): O'Reilly S

Publication type: Review

Publication status: Published

Journal: Clinical Science

Year: 2015

Volume: 128

Issue: 5

Pages: 297-305

Print publication date: 01/03/2015

Online publication date: 05/11/2014

Acceptance date: 02/09/2014

ISSN (print): 0143-5221

ISSN (electronic): 1470-8736

Publisher: PORTLAND PRESS LTD

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20140467

DOI: 10.1042/CS20140467

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