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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Chris Day
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Background: Greater adiposity is an important risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, it is likely that dietary intake is involved in the development of the disease. Prospective studies assessing the relation between childhood dietary intake and risk of NAFLD are lacking. Objective: This study was designed to explore associations between energy, carbohydrate, sugar, starch, protein, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, saturated fat, and total fat intake by youth at ages 3, 7, and 13 y and subsequent (mean age: 17.8 y) ultrasound scan (USS)-measured liver fat and stiffness and serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyltransferase. We assessed whether observed associations were mediated through fat mass at the time of outcome assessment. Methods: Participants were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Trajectories of energy and macronutrient intake fromages 3-13 ywere obtained with linear-splinemultilevelmodels. Linear and logistic regressionmodels examinedwhether energy intake and absolute and energy-adjusted macronutrient intake at ages 3, 7, and 13 y were associated with liver outcomes. Results: Energy intake at all ages was positively associatedwith liver outcomes; for example, the odds of having aUSS-measured liver fat per 100 kcal increase in energy intake at age 3 y were 1.79 (95% CI: 1.14, 2.79). Associations between absolute macronutrient intake and liver outcomeswere inconsistent and attenuated to the null after adjustment for total energy intake. The majority of associations attenuated to the null after adjustment for fat mass at the time liver outcomes were assessed. Conclusion: Higher childhood and early adolescent energy intake is associated with greater NAFLD risk, and the macronutrients from which energy intake is derived are less important. These associations appear to be mediated, at least in part, by fat mass at the time of outcome assessment.
Author(s): Anderson EL, Howe LD, Fraser A, Macdonald-Wallis C, Callaway MP, Sattar N, Day C, Tilling K, Lawlor DA
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Nutrition
Year: 2015
Volume: 145
Issue: 5
Pages: 983-989
Print publication date: 01/05/2015
Online publication date: 18/03/2015
Acceptance date: 25/02/2015
ISSN (print): 0022-3166
ISSN (electronic): 1541-6100
Publisher: American Society for Nutrition
URL: http://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.208397
DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.208397
PubMed id: 25788585
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