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Effects of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.

Lookup NU author(s): Ammar Ashor, Professor Thomas Hill, Professor John Mathers, Dr Mario Siervo

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: In addition to regulating calcium homoeostasis and bone health, vitamin D influences vascular and metabolic processes including endothelial function (EF) and insulin signalling. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) were conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on EF and to examine whether the effect size was modified by health status, study duration, dose, route of vitamin D administration, vitamin D status (baseline and post-intervention), body mass index (BMI), age and type of vitamin D.METHODS: We searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases from inception until March 2015 for studies meeting the following criteria: (1) RCT with adult participants, (2) vitamin D administration alone, (3) studies that quantified EF using commonly applied methods including ultrasound, plethysmography, applanation tonometry and laser Doppler.RESULTS: Sixteen articles reporting data for 1177 participants were included. Study duration ranged from 4 to 52 weeks. The effect of vitamin D on EF was not significant (SMD: 0.08, 95 % CI -0.06, 0.22, p = 0.28). Subgroup analysis showed a significant improvement of EF in diabetic subjects (SMD: 0.31, 95 % CI 0.05, 0.57, p = 0.02). A non-significant trend was found for diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.02; p = 0.07) and BMI (β = 0.05; p = 0.06).CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D supplementation did not improve EF. The significant effect of vitamin D in diabetics and a tendency for an association with BMI may indicate a role of excess adiposity and insulin resistance in modulating the effects of vitamin D on vascular function. This remains to be tested in future studies.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Hussin AM, Ashor AW, Schoenmakers I, Hill T, Mathers JC, Siervo M

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: European Journal of Nutrition

Year: 2017

Volume: 56

Issue: 3

Pages: 1095-1104

Print publication date: 01/04/2017

Online publication date: 05/02/2016

Acceptance date: 16/01/2016

ISSN (print): 1436-6207

ISSN (electronic): 1436-6215

Publisher: Springer

URL: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1159-3

DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1159-3

PubMed id: 26848580

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