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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Helen Parker
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© 2017 American Society for Nutrition. Background: Breath tests (BTs) present an alternative gastric-emptying (GE) measure. However, their efficacy in the measurement of the GE rate of lipid emulsions (LEs) is unknown. Objective: The objective of this work was to investigate the validity of 13C BTs as a measure of fat GE rate in LEs. Methods: The lipophilic 13C octanoate (OCC) BT marker was investigated for fat GE with the hydrophilic 13C sodium acetate (ACC) and the triglyceride 13C trioctanoin (TCC) markers as comparators. Data from 2 randomized studies were combined [50 healthy participants; 25 men, mean ± SD age: 23 ± 2.8 y; mean ± SD body mass index (in kg/m2): 22.4 ± 1.7]. Each participant was given either an acid-stable LE (LE1) or an acid-unstable LE (LE4) at each visit. Twenty-three participants underwent simultaneous MRI. The effect of LEs on 13CO2 excretion profiles was determined. The BT halfemptying times (BT T50) were validated with the MRI half-emptying time of the ingested fat volume (MRI T50). Results: The effect of LEs on 13CO2 excretion depended on the properties of the 13Cmarker. T50 for OCC was shorter by 98min for LE1 than for LE4 (P < 0.001). Other markers showed either no LE dependency or a longer T50 for LE1 than for LE4. No difference in T50 between OCC and ACCwas detected in LE1. In LE4, the T50 was longer by 154 min (P < 0.0001). There was some concordance between MRI T50 and OCC BT T50 for LE1 (rc = 0.7). No other marker showed any concordance with fat GE. 13C-Nuclear magnetic resonance in vitro findings were compatible with changes in the kinetics of phase transfer of OCC dependent on its protonation state. Conclusions: The structure of fat present in the stomach affects 13CO2 excretion. The chemical properties of the 13C marker and their gastric and postgastric interactionwith fat renders 13CO2 excretion an inappropriate measure of LE emptying in healthy adults.
Author(s): Parker HL, Liu D, Curcic J, Ebert M-O, Schwizer W, Fried M, Steingoetter A
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Journal of Nutrition
Year: 2017
Volume: 147
Issue: 7
Pages: 1258-1266
Print publication date: 01/07/2017
Online publication date: 31/05/2017
Acceptance date: 06/04/2017
ISSN (print): 0022-3166
ISSN (electronic): 1541-6100
Publisher: American Society for Nutrition
URL: https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.117.248765
DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.248765
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