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Lookup NU author(s): Arathi Kizhedath, Dr Simon Wilkinson, Professor Jarka Glassey
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND).
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Parabens, esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid, are widely used in cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries mainly for their antibacterial and fungicidal properties. Methyl paraben has shown very low toxicity in a wide range of in vitro and animal tests. However, butyl paraben and derivatives, such as isobutyl parabens, are classified as allergens and have been shown to induce toxic effects. In the present study the effects of exposure to methyl or butyl paraben (5-1000 μM) on cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and genotoxicity were measured in a hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2) and human dermal fibroblasts neonatal (HDFn). Butyl paraben caused a concentration dependent decrease (above 400 μM) in cell viability for both cell lines. Toxicity of butyl paraben observed appeared to be mediated via ATP depletion as seen from luminescence assays. Depletion of glutathione was also observed for higher concentrations of butyl paraben, which may indicate the involvement of oxidative stress. Methyl paraben, however, did not show any significant decrease in cell viability, reduction in ATP or glutathione levels in HepG2 and HDFn cell lines at the concentrations tested. In vitro studies based on human cell lines can provide information in the early stages of multitier paraben toxicity studies and can be combined with in vivo and ex vivo studies to build more comprehensive, scientifically sound strategies for paraben safety testing. The results obtained in this study could supplement existing in vivo toxicity data for defining more robust limits for human exposure.
Author(s): Kizhedath A, Wilkinson S, Glassey J
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Toxicology in Vitro
Year: 2019
Volume: 55
Pages: 108-115
Print publication date: 01/03/2019
Online publication date: 17/12/2018
Acceptance date: 12/12/2018
Date deposited: 13/12/2018
ISSN (print): 0887-2333
ISSN (electronic): 1879-3177
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2018.12.007
DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.12.007
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