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Lookup NU author(s): Professor Quentin AnsteeORCiD, Professor Helen ReevesORCiD, Dr Olivier GovaereORCiD
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© 2019, Springer Nature Limited. Caloric excess and sedentary lifestyle have led to a global epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The hepatic consequence of metabolic syndrome and obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is estimated to affect up to one-third of the adult population in many developed and developing countries. This spectrum of liver disease ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Owing to the high prevalence of NAFLD, especially in industrialized countries but also worldwide, and the consequent burden of progressive liver disease, there is mounting epidemiological evidence that NAFLD has rapidly become a leading aetiology underlying many cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this Review, we discuss NAFLD-associated HCC, including its epidemiology, the key features of the hepatic NAFLD microenvironment (for instance, adaptive and innate immune responses) that promote hepatocarcinogenesis and the management of HCC in patients with obesity and associated metabolic comorbidities. The challenges and future directions of research will also be discussed, including clinically relevant biomarkers for early detection, treatment stratification and monitoring as well as approaches to therapies for both prevention and treatment in those at risk or presenting with NAFLD-associated HCC.
Author(s): Anstee QM, Reeves HL, Kotsiliti E, Govaere O, Heikenwalder M
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Year: 2019
Volume: 16
Pages: 411-428
Print publication date: 01/07/2019
Online publication date: 26/04/2019
Acceptance date: 02/04/2018
ISSN (print): 1759-5045
ISSN (electronic): 1759-5053
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-019-0145-7
DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0145-7
