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Peptidoglycan

Lookup NU author(s): Dr Manuel Pazos Don PedroORCiD

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Abstract

© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The peptidoglycan sacculus is a net-like polymer that surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane in most bacteria. It is essential to maintain the bacterial cell shape and protect from turgor. The peptidoglycan has a basic composition, common to all bacteria, with species-specific variations that can modify its biophysical properties or the pathogenicity of the bacteria. The synthesis of peptidoglycan starts in the cytoplasm and the precursor lipid II is flipped across the cytoplasmic membrane. The new peptidoglycan strands are synthesised and incorporated into the pre-existing sacculus by the coordinated activities of peptidoglycan synthases and hydrolases. In the model organism Escherichia coli there are two complexes required for the elongation and division. Each of them is regulated by different proteins from both the cytoplasmic and periplasmic sides that ensure the well-coordinated synthesis of new peptidoglycan.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Pazos M, Peters K

Editor(s): Andreas Kuhn

Publication type: Book Chapter

Publication status: Published

Book Title: Bacterial Cell Walls and Membranes

Year: 2019

Volume: 92

Pages: 127-168

Online publication date: 19/06/2019

Acceptance date: 02/04/2018

Series Title: Subcellular Biochemistry

Publisher: Springer

Place Published: New York

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18768-2_5

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-18768-2_5

Library holdings: Search Newcastle University Library for this item

ISBN: 9783030187675


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