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Urinary tract infection

Lookup NU author(s): Emily Glover, Professor Neil SheerinORCiD

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Abstract

© 2019Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections to affect humans. Uncomplicated infections most commonly occur in otherwise healthy women when uropathogenic bacteria, usually Escherichia coli, enter the bladder and overcome host innate immunity. Complicated infections occur in patients with an anatomical or functional abnormality of the urinary tract. Diagnosis is made on the basis of symptoms, and diagnostic precision is improved by urinalysis. Urine culture is important in patients with severe, recurrent or complicated infection and when diagnosis is uncertain, for example in children and elderly people. Most women with symptoms that resolve quickly do not require further investigation, but imaging of the renal tract, functional testing and cystoscopy should be considered in children, men and patients with recurrent or severe infection. Empirical antibiotic treatment started on the basis of symptoms and directed by urinalysis is suitable for uncomplicated cystitis but should be altered based on culture results for more severe infections. Three days of antibiotic treatment is usually sufficient for uncomplicated cystitis in women. Long-term or post-coital antibiotics are effective for patients with recurrent infection.

Publication metadata

Author(s): Glover EK, Sheerin NS

Publication type: Review

Publication status: Published

Journal: Medicine

Year: 2019

Volume: 47

Issue: 9

Pages: 546-550

Print publication date: 01/09/2019

Online publication date: 29/07/2019

Acceptance date: 02/04/2016

ISSN (print): 1357-3039

ISSN (electronic): 1365-4357

Publisher: Elsevier Ltd

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2019.06.008

DOI: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2019.06.008

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