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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Anneliese Flatt, Dr Stuart Little, Dr Thomas Chadwick, Ruth Wood, Professor James Shaw
This is the authors' accepted manuscript of an article that has been published in its final definitive form by American Diabetes Association, 2019.
For re-use rights please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.
OBJECTIVE:The HypoCOMPaSS study was designed to test the hypothesis that successful avoidance of biochemical hypoglycemia without compromising overall glycemic control would restore sufficient hypoglycemia awareness to prevent recurrent severe hypoglycemia in the majority of participants with established type 1 diabetes. Before starting the study, we planned to investigate associations between baseline characteristics and recurrent severe hypoglycemia over 2 years' follow-up.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:A total of 96 adults with type 1 diabetes and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia participated in a 24-week 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial comparing insulin delivery and glucose monitoring modalities, with the goal of rigorous biochemical hypoglycemia avoidance. The analysis included 71 participants who had experienced severe hypoglycemia in the 12-month prestudy with confirmed absence (complete responder) or presence (incomplete responder) of severe hypoglycemia over 24 months' follow-up.RESULTS:There were 43 (61%) complete responders and 28 (39%) incomplete responders experiencing mean ± SD 1.5 ± 1.0 severe hypoglycemia events/person-year. At 24 months, incomplete responders spent no more time with glucose ≤3 mmol/L (1.4 ± 2.1% vs. 3.0 ± 4.8% for complete responders; P = 0.26), with lower total daily insulin dose (0.45 vs. 0.58 units/24 h; P = 0.01) and greater impairment of hypoglycemia awareness (Clarke score: 3.8 ± 2.2 vs. 2.0 ± 1.9; P = 0.01). Baseline severe hypoglycemia rate (16.9 ± 16.3 vs. 6.4 ± 10.8 events/person-year; P = 0.002) and fear of hypoglycemia were higher in incomplete responders. Peripheral neuropathy was more prevalent in incomplete responders (11 [39%] vs. 2 [4.7%]; P < 0.001) with a trend toward increased autonomic neuropathy.CONCLUSIONS:Recurrent severe hypoglycemia was associated with higher preintervention severe hypoglycemia rate, fear of hypoglycemia, and concomitant neuropathy.
Author(s): Flatt AJS, Little SA, Speight J, Leelarathna L, Walkinshaw E, Tan HK, Bowes A, Lubina-Solomon A, Holmes-Truscott E, Chadwick TJ, Wood R, McDonald TJ, Kerr D, Flanagan D, Brooks A, Heller SR, Evans ML, Shaw JAM
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Diabetes Care
Year: 2019
Volume: 42
Issue: 10
Pages: 1-9
Print publication date: 01/10/2019
Online publication date: 04/09/2019
Acceptance date: 06/08/2019
Date deposited: 15/10/2019
ISSN (print): 0149-5992
ISSN (electronic): 1935-5548
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
URL: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc19-0630
DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0630
PubMed id: 31484666
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