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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Ahmad Al-Mrabeh, Dr Sviatlana Zhyzhneuskaya, Dr Patrick Welsh, Professor Roy Taylor
This is the authors' accepted manuscript of an article that has been published in its final definitive form by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2020.
For re-use rights please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.
AimTo investigate whether appetite‐related hormones were predictors of weight regain in the Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT).Materials and MethodsDiRECT is a cluster‐randomized clinical trial, designed to assess the effect of weight loss on type 2 diabetes remission. For this post hoc analysis, data were available for 253 (147 interventions, 106 controls) individuals with type 2 diabetes (age 53.6 ± 7.5 years, body mass index 34.7 ± 4.4 kg/m2, 59% men). Intervention participants received a 24‐month weight management programme, and controls remained on usual diabetes care. Fasting plasma concentrations of leptin, ghrelin, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 and peptide YY were measured at baseline, 12 months and 24 months in all participants, and at 5 months in a subset of participants in the intervention (n = 56) and control groups (n = 22). Potential predictors were examined using multivariable linear regression models.ResultsThe intervention group lost 14.3 ± 6.0% body weight at 5 months but regained weight over time, with weight losses of 10.0 ± 7.5% at 12 months and 7.6 ± 6.3% at 24 months. Weight loss in controls was 1.1 ± 3.7% and 2.1 ± 5.0% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Body weight increased by 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4, 4.1; P = 0.019) between 12 and 24 months for every 1‐ng/mL increase in ghrelin between baseline and 12 months, and weight regain between 12 and 24 months was increased by 1.1% (95% CI 0.2, 2.0; P = 0.023) body weight for every 1‐ng/mL increase in ghrelin at 12 months.ConclusionThe rise in ghrelin (but not any other measured hormone) during diet‐induced weight loss was a predictor of weight regain during follow‐up, and concentrations remained elevated over time, suggesting a small but significant compensatory drive to regain weight. Attenuating the effects of ghrelin may improve weight‐loss maintenance.
Author(s): Thom G, McIntosh A, Messow C-M, Leslie WL, Barnes A, Brosnahan N, McCombie L, Malkova D, Al-Mrabeh A, Zhyzhneuskaya S, Welsh P, Sattar N, Taylor R, Lean MEJ
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Year: 2020
Volume: 23
Issue: 3
Pages: 711-719
Print publication date: 08/09/2020
Online publication date: 22/11/2020
Acceptance date: 26/11/2020
Date deposited: 26/02/2021
ISSN (print): 1462-8902
ISSN (electronic): 1463-1326
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd
URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14274
DOI: doi.org/10.1111/dom.14274
PubMed id: 33369058
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