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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Lisa Bowman
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© 2021 Annual Reviews Inc. All rights reserved. The type VII protein secretion system (T7SS) of Staphylococcus aureus is encoded at the ess locus. T7 substrate recognition and protein transport are mediated by EssC, a membrane-bound multidomain ATPase. Four EssC sequence variants have been identified across S. aureus strains, each accompanied by a specific suite of substrate proteins. The ess genes are upregulated during persistent infection, and the secretion system contributes to virulence in disease models. It also plays a key role in intraspecies competition, secreting nuclease and membrane-depolarizing toxins that inhibit the growth of strains lacking neutralizing immunity proteins. A genomic survey indicates that the T7SS is widely conserved across staphylococci and is encoded in clusters that contain diverse arrays of toxin and immunity genes. The presence of genomic islands encoding multiple immunity proteins in species such as Staphylococcus warneri that lack the T7SS points to a major role for the secretion system in bacterial antagonism.
Author(s): Bowman L, Palmer T
Publication type: Review
Publication status: Published
Journal: Annual Review of Microbiology
Year: 2021
Volume: 75
Pages: 471-494
Print publication date: 01/10/2021
Online publication date: 03/08/2021
Acceptance date: 02/04/2018
ISSN (print): 0066-4227
ISSN (electronic): 1545-3251
Publisher: Annual Reviews Inc.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-012721-123600
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-012721-123600
PubMed id: 34343022
