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New insights on old bacteria: Diversity and function of morphologically conspicuous sulfur bacteria in aquatic systems

Lookup NU author(s): Professor Neil GrayORCiD, Professor Ian Head

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Abstract

Colourless sulfur bacteria were among the first groups of biogeochemically important bacteria to be studied by microbial ecologists. This was in part due to the fact that several species are large and often produce macroscopically visible structures such as mats. Although some of these sulfur bacteria have been studied for over a century, few have been obtained in axenic culture and thus, until recently, relatively little was known regarding their relationship to other bacteria or their role in the environment. The introduction of molecular biological methods to microbial ecology has allowed many of these distinctive uncultured bacteria to be characterized phylogenetically and in situ measurements have revealed aspects of their behaviour and their involvement in specific biogeochemical processes. Culture based studies of some morphologically distinctive sulfur bacteria, principally isolates of different Beggiatoa species, have revealed that they exhibit a wide range of metabolic activities that span heterotrophy to obligate chemolithautotrophy. This knowledge has informed studies of uncultured sulfur bacteria such as Thioploca and Achtomatium. The combination of molecular biological analyses, chemical and process measurements, and culture based studies that have allowed the ecology of these bacteria to be interrogated are discussed.


Publication metadata

Author(s): Gray ND, Head IM

Publication type: Article

Publication status: Published

Journal: Hydrobiologia

Year: 1999

Volume: 401

Issue: 0

Pages: 97-112

Print publication date: 01/05/1999

ISSN (print): 0018-8158

ISSN (electronic): 1573-5117

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003794529171

DOI: 10.1023/A:1003794529171


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