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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Chris RedfernORCiD
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Purpose: There is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies in Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT). In this study, we have evaluated the effect of fenretinide [N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide] in ESFT models. Experimental Design: The effect of fenretinide on viable cell number and apoptosis of ESFT cell lines and spheroids and growth of s.c. ESFT in nu/nu mice was investigated. The role of the stress-activated kinases p38MAPK and c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase in fenretinide-induced death was investigated by Western blot and inhibitor experiments. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and changes in mitochondrial transmembrane potential were investigated by flow cytometry. Results: Fenretinide induced cell death in all ESFT cell lines examined in a dose- and time-dependent manner. ESFT cells were more sensitive to fenretinide than the neuroblastoma cell lines examined. Furthermore, fenretinide induced cell death in ESFT spheroids and delayed s.c. ESFT growth in mice. p38MAPK was activated within 15 minutes of fenretinide treatment and was dependent on ROS accumulation. Inhibition of p38 MAPK activity partially rescued fenretinide-mediated cell death in ESFT but not in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase was activated after 4 hours and was dependent on ROS accumulation but not on activation of p38MAPK. After 8 hours, fenretinide induced mitochondrial depolarization (Δψm) and release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm in a ROS- and p38MAPK-dependent manner, Conclusions: These data show that the high sensitivity of ESFT cells to fenretinide is dependent in part on the rapid and sustained activation of p38MAPK. The efficacy of fenretinide in preclinical models demands the evaluation of fenretinide as a potential therapeutic agent in ESFT. © 2005 American Association for Cancer Research.
Author(s): Myatt, S., Redfern, C.P.F., Burchill, S.
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research
Year: 2005
Volume: 11
Issue: 8
Pages: 3136-3148
Print publication date: 15/04/2005
ISSN (print): 1078-0432
ISSN (electronic): 1557-3265
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2050
DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2050
PubMed id: 15837770
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